Catholic Typology
Jesus the new Sacrifice
Ephesians 5:2 And walk in love, as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God.
Hebrews 9:12 he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption
Fulfilment of the offerings in Leviticus 1 - 6
sin offering (Lev 4 - 5:13) | ||
Sacrificial Offering | Jesus | |
Burnt offering (Lev 1) | male bull, lamb or goat without blemish (Lev 1:3,10)  the one providing the offering atones for sin so reconciled with God (Lev 1:4)  food offering is a pleasing aroma to God (Lev 1:9,13,17) | the lamb of God (Jn 1:2) is sinless (Heb 4:15, 9:14; 1 Pet 1:19)  he offereed himself for the atonement of sins of the whole world so to reconciles us with God (1 Jn 2:2)  he is a fragrant offering to God (Eph 5:1-2) |
Grain offering (Lev 2) | unleavened loaves of fine flour (Lev 2:4) Â a memorial portion to God done in thanksgiving for sins forgiven (Lev 2:2) Â remaining portion of the offering eaten by Levitical priest (Lev 2:3) Â accompanied by a drink offering of wine (Lev 23:13) | his body, the Eucharist, is the bread of life (Jn 6:51; Lk 22:19) Â the Eucharist, a thanksgiving offering, is a memorial of Jesus's sacrifice for the forgiveness of sins (Lk 22:19) Â the Eucharist eaten by kingdom priests (1 Pet 2:9) who are the baptised and in communion with the Church (1 Cor 10:16-18) Â the Eucharist includes wine (Lk 22:17-19) |
Peace offering for communion with God (Lev 3) | blood thrown on the sides of the altar (Lev 3:2)  as a thanksgiving or vow/freewill offering (Lev 7:11-16)  to participlate in the sacrifice and be in communion with God, the flesh of the sacrifice was eaten by the one providing the offering (Lev 7:15-16) | blood shed on the cross (Mt 26:27-28)  offered his body and blood in thanksgiving (Lk 22:17-19) and freely (Jn 10:15-18)  Eucharist is consumed (Mt 26:26-28) for Holy Communion (1 Cor 10:16-18) |
Sin offering (Lev 4 - 5:13) | priest atoned for the forgiveness of sins of people (Lev 5:10) Â it is most holy (Lev 6:25) | the eternal priest atoned for the forgiveness of sins (Mt 26:28; Heb 2:17) Â he is the most holy (Heb 7:26) sin offering (2 Cor 5:21) |
Guilt offering | make restitution for sin (Lev 5:14 - 6:7) | as the suffering servant, he took on everyone’s guilt (Is 53:10-12) and so cancelled all our debts to God (Col 2:13-14) |
The burnt offering (Lev 1)
male without blemish: bull, lamb or goat (Lev 1:3,10); Jesus is the lamb of God (Jn 1:2) and sinless (Heb 4:15, 9:14; 1 Pet 1:19)
made atonement for sin so reconciled to God: for the one providing the offering (Lev 1:4); for us (1 Jn 2:2)
food offering is a pleasing aroma to God (Lev 1:9,13,17); Jesus is a fragrant offering to God (Eph 5:1-2)
The grain offering (Lev 2)
bread offered: unleavened loaves of fine flour (Lev 2:4); Jesus's body, the Eucharist, is the bread of life (Jn 6:51; Lk 22:19)
a memorial of thanksgiving for sins forgiven: portion to God (Lev 2:2); the Eucharist, a thanksgiving offering, celebrated as a memorial of Jesus's death and resurrection (Lk 22:19)
eaten by priests: remaining portion of the offering eaten by Levitical priest (Lev 2:3); the Eucharist eaten by kingdom priests (1 Pet 2:9) who are the baptised and in communion with the Church (1 Cor 10:16-18)
accompanied by a drink offering of wine (Lev 23:13 & Lk 22:17-19)
The peace offering for communion with God (Lev 3)
involved blood: thrown on the sides of the altar (Lev 3:2); Jesus's blood shed on the cross (Mt 26:27-28)
as a thanksgiving or vow/freewill offering (Lev 7:11-16); Jesus offered his body and blood in thanks (Lk 22:17-19) and freely (Jn 10:15-18)
to participlate in the sacrifice and be in communion with God, the flesh of the sacrifice was eaten: by the one providing the offering (Lev 7:15-16); the body and blood of Jesus, the Eucharist is consumed (Mt 26:26-28) for Holy Communion (1 Cor 10:16-18)
The sin offering (Lev 4 - 5:13)
priest atoned for the forgiveness of sins of people (Lev 5:10 & Mt 26:28; Heb 2:17)
it is most holy (Lev 6:25); Jesus is the most holy (Heb 7:26) sin offering (2 Cor 5:21)
The guilt offering to make restitution for sin (Lev 5:14 - 6:7) when Jesus, the suffering servant took on everyone’s guilt (Is 53:10-12) and so cancelled all our debts to God (Col 2:13-14)